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Common Information Sharing Environment (CISE) for the EU maritime domain (RP2023)

(A.) Policy and legislation

(A.1) Policy objectives

The global action’s objective is to establish a common information sharing environment (CISE) enabling enhanced awareness and knowledge of what is happening at sea as an important contribution to efficiency in maritime operations and performance in all sectors within the EU maritime domain. This in turn will ultimately ensure safer, cleaner and more secure seas.

In line with the EU digital single market, this translates into seamless, more structured and trusted cross-sector and cross-border information exchange between public administrations across seven distinct maritime domains (maritime safety and security, maritime pollution and marine environment, fisheries control, border control, general law enforcement, trade and economy and defence).

CISE seeks therefore to develop appropriate semantic, technical, organisational solutions and recommendations to enhance the interoperability between existing systems of around 300 maritime public authorities throughout the EU/EEA. As a result, the systems become compatible and the content, speed and reliability of information exchange optimal, enabling improved security and sustainable development of economic maritime activities.

Cross-sector and cross-border interoperability between maritime surveillance systems is the major innovative aspect of the CISE. The technical solution proposed is mainly based on the CISE data and service model. This solution has been tested by the major FP7 pre-operational validation project EUCISE 2020 and the solution is being consolidated in view of the operational phase. The interoperability specifications for CISE have been proposed for standardisation through an Industry Specification Group in ETSI. This development could also benefit the European industry: several industries participate to the ETSI group.

(A.2) EC perspective and progress report

The objective is to reach firm agreement on the CISE data and service model with all the stakeholders involved in maritime surveillance in Europe. This interoperability agreement should encourage Member States to invest more resources in the exchange of maritime surveillance information across Europe with CISE, thus ensuring the long-term sustainability of the programme.

The present version of the CISE data and service model was developed in 2014 by a pilot project (the CISE cooperation project) involving 28 partners from 12 European countries and covering different sea basins and different sectors.

The EUCISE 2020 FP7 project (CISE pre-operational validation) has developed the CISE components using the CISE data and service model and validated them in a pilot environment. This project involved 39 authorities from 15 European countries and has been concluded on April 2019.     

The EUCISE2020 project has established in April 2019 an Industry Specification Group (ISG) in ETSI to consolidate the CISE data and service model (interoperability specifications). This group includes Public Administrations and Industries. The JRC and EMSA support the activities of the ISG with the role of counsellor. 

A Transitional Phase has been put in place, since May 2019, to prepare the ground for the deployment of CISE into operation by the end of 2023. This phase, managed by EMSA and benefiting from the technological and scientific support of JRC, is developing, deploying and configuring the operational network of CISE on the grounds of the lessons learnt of EUCISE 2020 and the standardisation process of the CISE data and service model.

The transitional phase of CISE has progressed and produced important results. In particular:

  • Participation in CISE

Most EU Member States and EEA countries have appointed a representative in the CSG (BE, BG, CY, EE, ES, FI, FR, DE, GR, HU, HR, IE, IT, LT, MT, NL, NO (as observer), PL, PT, RO and SI). In addition, the EDA, EFCA, Frontex, SatCen are also actively participating in the development of CISE, together with the Commission, EMSA and the EEAS, as members of the CGS. MAOC(N) participates as observer. Despite the fact that CISE is a voluntary initiative, most MS have expressed and shown an active interest in participating in the network, seen it as complementary added value tool.

The current CISE network comprises of 12 nodes: BG, DE, ES (GUCI), ES (Navy), FI, FR, GR, IT, NO (currently not active), PT, EMSA, and EFCA (which includes 28 stakeholders - MS and EU bodies). EMSA together with JRC provides support to the MSs in installing and operating the CISE nodes. In addition, the following stakeholders are assessing or implementing the necessary steps to join the network: CY, HR, SI, MT, NL, SatCen, and EBCGA (Frontex). The design and implementation of the new node version V2 has been concluded and the migration from the previous version (EUCISE2020) to the new version (CISE Node version 2.0) started (BG, ES, FR, EL, IT, FI already migrated). It is planned to complete the migration by Q2/2022.

On the basis of the outcome of a specific working group, a Cooperation Agreement has been established, to define rules and responsibilities in sharing information between CISE participants. Some Member States (BG, FR, FI, EL, IT) have already signed the Cooperation Agreement; more MS are expected to sign in the near future (HR, SL, PT, ES). More MS have recently shown an interest in connecting to the network (Ireland, Belgium, Romania).

  • Added-value operational Services

While each stakeholder is defining its own information sharing plan (specifying what information can be “used” or “provided” via CISE), during the transitional phase, several new data exchange services have started to be developed, in view of preparing the information exchanges in the operational phase. The objective is to develop Services as tools to help share relevant information between participants, topping up the information existing in the different legacy systems, to enhance cross-border cooperation and cross-sectoral information sharing. Vessel of interest List, Event reporting and Risk profile pre-operational Services have been designed and are under finalisation. Discussions have already started (in the relevant Working Group), in view of developing other operational Services (Asset sharing and Request for Assistance).

The European Commission has launched a call (EMFAF funding) to enhance ‘Action for a CISE incident alerting system’. A consortium of 6 MS and 2 MS associated (led by FR) is expected to be set up (evaluation of the call is under finalisation) with the objective of fostering cooperation among public maritime authorities, by promoting the development and use of new services at the pre-operational phase, to support further implementation of CISE among current CISE nodes owners, as well as to engage new stakeholders, bringing added value and complementarity to existing systems and work carried out by the operators in the stakeholders’ situational centres.

Under the Single Market Programme the European Commission invited the European Standardisation Organisations to propose actions dedicated to the development of a testing platform to assess compliance of actual CISE implementations against standardised specifications. ETSI is active on the deployment of a CISE Testing Platform fully accessible to Member States institutional bodies and industrial actors by the end of 2023.

  • Information Security

A “Security” study has been conducted to prepare the ground for the certification process. EMSA has been working together with the Security Working Group (SWG) towards increasing the level of security and implementing the security measures identified in the “Security” Study. A proposal for a set of roles, policies, hardware, software and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store and revoke digital certificates and manage public-key encryption (a Public Key Infrastructure -PKI)  has been finalised, with the aim of establishing a strong secure connection between the CISE users. Discussion have been launched at the SWG on the Security Accreditation Strategy, which lays down the process that all the stakeholders will need to follow in order to exchange classified information (CISE aims at exchanging “restricted” information).  

  • Responsibility to share

As requested among the activities of the transitional phase, a study has been conducted, providing the methodology for a voluntary audit to support MS to implement the “responsibility to share” policy. The objective is to test the level of participation of the different actors in the network (being CISE a voluntary initiative) in order to ensure a balanced participation of the different actors in the network and supporting the process to further enhance the provision of service and data in the network.

(A.3) References 

(B.) Requested actions

Action 1: Based on the existing CISE data and service model, complete semantic and technical interoperability specifications within the CISE network to exchange surveillance information between competent authorities could be standardised.

Action 2: The following complementary actions could be developed in addition to the standardisation action (these activities will have to take into account future developments to extend the CISE components to other domains such as Land Border Control):

  • Development of reference specifications (i.e. the CISE Data and Service model) to be used for the CISE software components to facilitate the adoption of CISE by interested authorities.
  • Development of a testing platform to assess whether the CISE interface developed by the national authorities complies with the standardised specifications. These activities will have to take into account future developments to extend the CISE components to other domains such as Land Border Control.
  • Development of template service level agreement or memorandum of understanding for the future agreements on sharing information between Member States, taking into account the one developed in the framework of the CISE transitional phase

C.) Activities and additional information 

(C.1) Related standardisation activities
ISO

ISO/TC 8: Ships and marine technology

http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_technical_committee?commid=45776

ISO/TC8 new focus items include:

  • Cyber safety
  • Electronic certification for port entry; data harmonisation, e-Navigation, IHO
  • Ships’ Energy Efficiency, EEOI, reductions in emissions from ships in freight transport

 Projects include:

  • ISO 19847, Ships and marine technology -- Shipboard data servers to share field data on the sea
  • ISO 19848, Ships and marine technology -- Standard data for shipboard machinery and equipment
IEC         

IEC/TC 80 Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems has produced standards:

  • IEC 62729 Long Range Identification and Tracking
  • IEC 61993-2 Automatic Identification Systems for SOLAS ships
  • IEC 62287 Automatic Identification Systems for non SOLAS ships
  • IEC 62320 Automatic Identification Systems shore infrastructure

Current activities include the following projects:

  • Satellite terminals to support new satellite service providers
  • VHF Data Exchange System to support future e-navigation
  • S-100 Common Maritime Data Structure to support future e-navigation
CENELEC             

CLC/SR 80 Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems. Standards and projects in CLC/SR 80 are those conducted at IEC level.

oneM2M            

As a multi domains/solutions platform oneM2M is a perfect choice for the retrieval and analysis of data in complex systems, such as the CISE ones. Collection and exposure of data form different sources, from weather stations to floating sensors (buoys) for tsunami, from predictive maintenance of naval machineries to boats digital twins, from ports logistics to port surveillance assistants.  AlloneM2M Specifications are available at Specifications (onem2m.org).

ETSI

ETSI has set up the Industry Specification Group ETSI ISG ‘European Common information sharing environment service and Data Model’ (ISG CDM), whose main objective is to develop a consistent set of technical specifications to allow data exchange among different legacy systems in a cooperative network, European Common Information Sharing Environment (CISE). https://www.etsi.org/committee/1584-cdm

Common Information Sharing Environment provides a networked ecosystems that share an Nx1 (instead of an NxM) integration paradigm. The standardisation of common practices reduces computational resource consumption.

ITU-R

ITU-R Working Party (WP) 5B is responsible for studies related to the maritime mobile service including the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS); the aeronautical mobile service and the radiodetermination service, including both radiolocation and radionavigation services. It studies communication systems for the maritime mobile and aeronautical mobile services and radar and radiolocation systems for the radiodetermination service

In close cooperation with the International Maritime Organization (IMO), ITU-R WP 5B also develops drafts of operational procedures for urgency, distress and safety communications and operation of systems belonging to the maritime mobile service, including the management of Maritime Mobile Service Identities (MMSI)

ITU-R WP 5B is currently working on the revision and update of some important deliverables, including:

  • Recommendation ITU-R M.493 − Digital selective-calling system for use in the maritime mobile service
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.541 − Operational procedures for the use of digital selective-calling equipment in the maritime mobile service
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.585 − Assignment and use of identities in the maritime mobile service
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.1371 − Technical characteristics for an automatic identification system using time division multiple access in the VHF maritime mobile frequency band
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.1798 − Characteristics of HF radio equipment for the exchange of digital data and electronic mail in the maritime mobile service
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.2021 − Characteristics of a digital system, named Navigational Data for broadcasting maritime safety and security related information from shore-to-ship in the 500 kHz band
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.2058 − Characteristics of a digital system, named navigational data for broadcasting maritime safety and security related information from shore-to-ship in the maritime HF frequency band
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.2092 − Technical characteristics for a VHF data exchange system in the VHF maritime mobile band
  • Recommendation ITU-R M.2135− Technical characteristics of autonomous maritime radio devices operating in the frequency band 156-162.05 MHz

ITU-R WP5B is the group responsible for conducting studies in response to WRC-23 agenda item 1.11, taking into consideration the activities of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and other relevant international organisations. This agenda item considers possible regulatory actions to support the modernization of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System and the implementation of e‑navigation, in accordance with Resolution 361 (Rev.WRC‑19) on “Consideration of possible regulatory actions to support modernization of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System and the implementation of e‑navigation”.

ITU-R has also developed the Maritime mobile Access and Retrieval System (MARS). MARS a is a free of charge, online access and retrieval system that allows users to consult the information currently registered in the ITU’s maritime database system. This online system is updated on daily basis.

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