(A.) Policy and legislation
(A.1) Policy objectives
The 2005 European Parliament and Council Recommendation on film heritage recommended Member States to ensure preservation of cinematographic works. The fourth application report on this Recommendation, published on 3 October 2014, shows that very few Member States are implementing digital workflows to preserve digital or digitised cinema. Those that have done it have used diverging standards.
(A.2) EC perspective and progress report
The film heritage sector would benefit from European standards that describe the most efficient digital workflows and data formats for preservation of digital films. The resulting standards for digital preservation of films could also be of interest for digital preservation of other type of documents in public administrations. Some Member States, as Germany and France, are planning to adopt national standards.
(A.3) References
- Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 November 2005 on film heritage and the competitiveness of related industrial activities, OJ L 323 of 9.12.2005, p.57.
- Council conclusions on “European film heritage, including the challenges of the digital era”, adopted in November 2010
- Council conclusions on “European Audio-visual Policy in the Digital Era” adopted on 25 November 2014
- 4th Application report of the Film Heritage Recommendation, from 2.10.2014
- Archival Policy of the Swedish Film Institute
- British Film Institute Strategy “2012-2017”
- Results of the EU-funded research project EDCine
- Recommendations from the International Federation of Film Archives (FIAF):
- FIAF Technical Commission Recommendation on the deposit and acquisition of D-Cinema elements for long-term preservation and access
- FIAF Technical Commission Recommendation on the Principles of Digital Archiving
(B.) Requested actions
Action 1 SDOs to develop and adopt a European standard and the related guidelines on preservation of digital films, based on existing standardisation activities at national and international level.
Action 2 SDOs to promote awareness and implementation of the European standard among relevant stakeholders (e.g. European film heritage institutions). Relevant stakeholders are invited to participate in the development of standards within CEN/TC 457 ‘Digital preservation of cinematographic works’. CEN/TC 457will ensure a proper information exchange between stakeholders and will actively seek cooperation.
(C.) Activities and additional information
(C.1) Related standardisation activities
CEN
CEN/TC 457 ‘Digital preservation of cinematographic works’ was created late 2017. The scope of the TC includes the definition and standardisation of digital long-term archive formats for cinematographic works. The work on a dedicated standard is nearly complete. The standard defines a Preservation Package, to be published in a TR, to facilitate the digital preservation of cinematographic works. It addresses methods to describe the relationship of components of the cinematographic work and delivers the syntax to describe the package content. The standard itself defines the structure of the package and specifies the constraints that are necessary to enable compliance and interoperability.
The Enquiry Draft of the Standard was published as prEN 17650:2021, which has been adopted based on the comments received. The Standard, and the corresponding Technical Report, should be finalised and published in 2022. Together with both documents a reference software will be provided.
ISO - OAIS
OAIS (Open Archive Information System) — ISO 14721:2012
http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=57284
Germany
Germany has started standardisation activities at national level that resulted in the publication technical report on digitalization of analogue films(DIN SPEC 15587 “Guidelines for digitization of cinematographic film”, 2019 edition ) it gives guidelines for the digitalization to make a digital preservation possible. It will be revised according to the results of CEN/TC 457’s work.
CST/Fraunhofer
CST/Fraunhofer started a new “Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers” (SMPTE) activity for a mezzanine file format of digitised movies based on the interoperable master format (IMF) which can be extended to a preservation format of digital films
ITU
ITU-T Study Group 16 on multimedia services and applications. Developed with ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC29/WG1 Recommendation T.802 (Motion JPEG-2000) that is used for digital cinema. Additionally, SG16 is developing studies on cultural heritage under its Question 21/16 “Multimedia framework, applications and services”.
Resolution ITU-R 60 (Reduction of energy consumption for environmental protection and mitigating climate change by use of ICT/radiocommunication technologies and systems) resolves “that ITU-R Study Groups should develop Recommendations, Reports or Handbooks on best practices in place to reduce energy consumption within ICT systems, equipment or applications operating in a radiocommunication service” and “possible development and use of radio systems or applications which can support reduction of energy consumption in non-radiocommunication sectors”. ITU-R Study Groups have produced several outputs on climate change, but there is not much literature within ITU-R Study Groups regarding the environmental impact of ICT itself.
ITU-R Study Group 6 had approved Report ITU-R BT.2385 on “Reducing the environmental impact of terrestrial broadcasting systems”. Like all industries, the broadcasting sector has a responsibility to improve its environmental performance. The main environmental impacts of the broadcasting industry are greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy use, raw material consumption and electronic waste. This Report presents analyses of several case studies.
More info: https://www.itu.int/pub/R-REP-BT.2385