Skip to main content
[1] COM(2015) 192 final, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions - A Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe, Brussels, 06.05.2015. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52015SC0100
[2] ‘Organisations’ here means public administration units or any entity acting on their behalf, or EU institutions or bodies.
[5] For example Directive 2007/2/EC establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE), and the relevant implementing regulations and guidelines. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32007L0002
[6] The principles remain practically the same as in the previous EIF. Their grouping and the exact scope of each recommendation have been updated to reflect recent policy and technical development.
[8] Directive 2007/2/EC establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE). The recent REFIT evaluation (COM(2016)478 and SWD(2016)273) has shown that there are still serious obstacles to the principle of openness throughout the EU.
[9] FRAND: fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory.
[10] This fosters competition since providers working under various business models may compete to deliver products, technologies and services based on such specifications.
[11] For example, with the establishment of the Digital Single Gateway, a DSM action
[13] At EU level, the Joinup platform (https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/) has been set up to share open source software components, semantic assets, building blocks and best practices. The European Commission has also introduced the EUPL licence to encourage sharing of software components.
[14] Directive (EU) 2016/2102 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2016 on the accessibility of websites and mobile applications of public sector bodies, and work launched by the Commission on a ‘European Accessibility Act’. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2016/2102/oj
[16] Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties.
[18] As defined by the second version of the model requirements for the management of electronic records (MoReq2): a record is ‘information created, received, and maintained as evidence and information by an organisation or person, in pursuance of legal obligations or in the transaction of businesses
[19] e.g. cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, and software-as-a-service.
[20] Article 1 of the INSPIRE Directive restricts its scope to ‘the purposes of Community environmental policies or activities which may have an impact on the environment’.
[21] The ISA² programme is an example of such political support.
[22] See for example the Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the implementation of Directive 2007/2/ EC of March 2007 establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) pursuant to Article 23, 2016. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52016DC0478R%2801%29
[24] Compliance models could include options like mandatory, comply-or-explain, good-to-have, optional, etc.
[26] A ‘building block’ is a self-contained, interoperable and replaceable unit encapsulating an internal structure.
[27] For example the Eurovoc thesaurus and the European skills, competence and occupations (ESCO) taxonomy.
[28] The core person, core business, core location and core public service developed by the ISA Programme are examples of cross-sector, reusable data models.
[29] Peristeras V., ‘Semantic Standards: Preventing Waste in the Information Industry’, IEEE Intelligent Systems, No 4, July-Aug. 2013, vol. 28, pp: 72-75.
[31] The interoperability maturity model (IMM) developed in the context of the ISA programme can be used to assess a service’s readiness for interoperability.
[33] At European level, the European interoperability cartography (EIC), available via the Joinup platform, is a valuable tool for identifying reusable interoperability solutions.
[34] For example those included in the DCAT-AP specification developed in the context of the ISA programme.
[35] The DCAT-AP, the Core Public Service Vocabulary and the Asset Description Metadata Schema are examples of specifications used to describe open data, public services and interoperability solutions respectively. For example: GeoDCAT-AP is an extension of DCAT-AP for describing geospatial datasets, dataset series, and services. It provides an RDF syntax binding for the union of metadata elements defined in the core profile of ISO 19115:2003 and those defined in the framework of the INSPIRE Directive.
[37] For example the TestaNG secured network.
